Environment and ecology

Ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution and conservation.

General Test5 questions
Practise this topic

Key ideas

  • An ecosystem includes living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components.
  • Food chain: producers → herbivores → carnivores; energy decreases at each level (about 10% passes on).
  • Biodiversity hotspots in India: the Himalaya, the Western Ghats, Indo-Burma and Sundaland (Nicobar Islands).
  • Pollution: air (PM2.5, smog), water (sewage, industrial waste), soil and noise.
  • Conservation: national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves; Project Tiger (1973).

Practice questions

In a food chain, plants are:Easy
Roughly what percentage of energy passes from one trophic level to the next?Medium
Project Tiger was launched in India in:Medium
Which of these is a biodiversity hotspot in India?Easy
Excess nutrients in a lake causing algal blooms is called:Medium
Practice this topic