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#	Question	Subject and topic	Difficulty
1	A forest officer argues that a watershed forest must be protected because nearby towns depend on it for drink…	Environmental Studies Modern schools of ecological thought	Easy
2	The “land ethic”, which judges actions by whether they protect the integrity and stability of the biotic comm…	Environmental Studies Modern schools of ecological thought	Medium
3	Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring (1962) mainly drew public attention to the harmful effects of:	Environmental Studies Modern schools of ecological thought	Easy
4	Which view holds that whole ecosystems and species, not just individual organisms, have value in themselves?	Environmental Studies Modern schools of ecological thought	Medium
5	A thinker who traces the ecological crisis mainly to social hierarchy and domination among humans belongs to …	Environmental Studies Modern schools of ecological thought	Hard
6	The terms “deep ecology” and “shallow ecology” were introduced by:	Environmental Studies Deep and shallow ecology	Easy
7	Which statement reflects shallow ecology rather than deep ecology?	Environmental Studies Deep and shallow ecology	Medium
8	Gary Snyder, linked with deep ecology, is best known as a:	Environmental Studies Deep and shallow ecology	Easy
9	Earth First!, founded in the USA in 1980, is best described as:	Environmental Studies Deep and shallow ecology	Medium
10	According to deep ecology, humans may reduce the richness and diversity of life only to:	Environmental Studies Deep and shallow ecology	Hard
11	The idea of “stewardship” of land means that people should:	Environmental Studies Stewardship of land	Easy
12	Wendell Berry’s book on culture and agriculture, published in 1977, is titled:	Environmental Studies Stewardship of land	Medium
13	Which of these would Wendell Berry most strongly support?	Environmental Studies Stewardship of land	Easy
14	Berry’s remark that “eating is an agricultural act” is meant to show that:	Environmental Studies Stewardship of land	Medium
15	How does Berry’s land stewardship differ from strict wilderness preservation?	Environmental Studies Stewardship of land	Hard
16	Who developed social ecology, which links the domination of nature to the domination of humans by humans?	Environmental Studies Social ecology	Easy
17	“Everything must go somewhere” is one of the laws of ecology given by:	Environmental Studies Social ecology	Easy
18	Which is NOT one of Barry Commoner’s four laws of ecology?	Environmental Studies Social ecology	Medium
19	According to Barry Commoner, the sharp rise in pollution after the Second World War was mainly caused by:	Environmental Studies Social ecology	Hard
20	Marxist or socialist ecology mainly blames environmental degradation on:	Environmental Studies Social ecology	Medium
21	The term “ecofeminism” was coined in 1974 by:	Environmental Studies Feminism and green politics	Medium
22	The central idea of ecofeminism is that:	Environmental Studies Feminism and green politics	Easy
23	In 1974, women of Reni village in the Garhwal Himalaya hugged trees to stop felling under the leadership of:	Environmental Studies Feminism and green politics	Easy
24	Die Grünen, the German Green Party founded in 1980, first entered the federal parliament (Bundestag) in:	Environmental Studies Feminism and green politics	Hard
25	Vandana Shiva’s 1988 book that links “maldevelopment” with harm to women and nature is:	Environmental Studies Feminism and green politics	Medium
26	The report Our Common Future (1987), which defined sustainable development, was produced by a commission chai…	Environmental Studies Sustainable development	Easy
27	According to the Brundtland definition, sustainable development meets present needs without compromising the …	Environmental Studies Sustainable development	Easy
28	The Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015 number:	Environmental Studies Sustainable development	Easy
29	Mission LiFE, launched in October 2022, mainly aims to:	Environmental Studies Sustainable development	Medium
30	Which pair of key concepts did the Brundtland Report place at the heart of sustainable development?	Environmental Studies Sustainable development	Hard
31	Which pair of processes increases the size of a population?	Environmental Studies Population dynamics	Easy
32	A population of 500 rabbits has 60 births, 20 deaths, 10 immigrants and 5 emigrants in one year. What is its …	Environmental Studies Population dynamics	Medium
33	An age pyramid with a very broad base and a narrow top indicates a population that is:	Environmental Studies Population dynamics	Easy
34	An urn-shaped age pyramid, with fewer young than middle-aged individuals, suggests that the population will:	Environmental Studies Population dynamics	Medium
35	A town of 15,00,000 people records 30,000 births in a year. Its crude birth rate (per 1,000 people) is:	Environmental Studies Population dynamics	Hard
36	A survivorship curve that stays nearly flat through early and middle life and then drops sharply in old age i…	Environmental Studies Survivorship and life strategies	Easy
37	An oyster releases millions of eggs, and very few larvae survive to adulthood. Its survivorship curve is most…	Environmental Studies Survivorship and life strategies	Easy
38	Which set of traits describes a K-strategist?	Environmental Studies Survivorship and life strategies	Medium
39	Which organisms are the best example of r-strategists?	Environmental Studies Survivorship and life strategies	Medium
40	Why are K-strategists such as elephants usually more vulnerable to extinction than r-strategists?	Environmental Studies Survivorship and life strategies	Hard
41	According to Malthus (1798), if unchecked, population grows in which kind of progression?	Environmental Studies Human populations	Easy
42	In Malthus’s theory, famine and epidemics that raise the death rate are called:	Environmental Studies Human populations	Medium
43	The maximum population that an environment can support for a long time without being degraded is its:	Environmental Studies Human populations	Easy
44	Which thinker argued that population pressure encourages farmers to adopt more intensive and better farming m…	Environmental Studies Human populations	Medium
45	In the equation I = P × A × T, the term A shows that environmental impact depends on:	Environmental Studies Human populations	Hard
46	In which stage of the demographic transition does a population grow most rapidly?	Environmental Studies Demographic transition	Easy
47	In Stage 1 of the demographic transition, birth and death rates are:	Environmental Studies Demographic transition	Easy
48	Which factor most directly causes the death rate to fall in Stage 2?	Environmental Studies Demographic transition	Medium
49	Which change most helps to lower the birth rate in Stage 3?	Environmental Studies Demographic transition	Medium
50	A country has a birth rate of 11 and a death rate of 12 per 1,000, and its population is slowly shrinking. It…	Environmental Studies Demographic transition	Hard